Novel biosynthesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles using watermelon peel extract and their biological applications

Hussein, Rakan A.; Abdul Aziz, Fatema W.; Al-Haideri, Hala H.; Al-Qaysi, Safaa A. S.

doi:10.21608/mb.2025.314779.1155

Novel biosynthesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles using watermelon peel extract and their biological applications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Biology, College of Education for Women, University of Kirkuk, Iraq.

² Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Iraq.

10.21608/mb.2025.314779.1155

Abstract

This work was the first to apply a green and environmentally acceptable technique to produce manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO₂NPs) using watermelon peel extract (WPE). FTIR, XRD, UV-visible, and TEM were all used to completely characterize the biosynthesized MnO₂NPs. MnO₂NPs were produced and found to have a polycrystalline crystal structure with a mean particle size of 8 nm, according to their characterization. With MICs, or minimum inhibitory concentrations, of 400, 100, 100, and 200 µg/mL against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, MnO2NPs have demonstrated intriguing antibacterial effectiveness, correlating with the antimicrobial results. MnO₂NPs also show excellent antibiofilm action against MRSA in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MnO₂NPs have high antioxidant activity; the DPPH technique yielded an IC₅₀ of 218 µg/mL. MnO₂NPs may also have anticancer properties against the MCF7 malignant cell IC₅₀ was 366 µg/mL and 74% and 93% suppression percentages at 1000 and 500 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, watermelon peel material was used to biosynthesize MnO₂NPs, which exhibit strong antibacterial, antibiofilm, anticancer, and antioxidant properties.

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