Anti-parasitic activity of probiotic bacteria against Giardia lamblia

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Tikrit, Iraq

Abstract

Giardia lamblia is a common parasite that can cause diarrhea, stomach pain, and nutrient malabsorption. While Metronidazole is widely used to treat the infection, concerns about side effects and growing resistance have led researchers to explore alternative treatments. Probiotics, known for supporting gut and immune health, may offer a safer option. This study investigated whether probiotic microorganisms could help reduce Giardia lamblia infection and ease symptoms. A total of 250 patients from Salah ad-Din Governorate in Iraq participated, with samples collected from Tikrit Teaching Hospital, General Hospital, and outpatient clinics. Stool tests confirmed Giardia lamblia infection in 180 individuals, showing a prevalence rate of 72%, with the highest infection rate among those aged 21 to 40. Women were slightly more affected than men. Patients treated with probiotics, specifically strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, showed a significant drop in parasitic load and reported fewer digestive symptoms. Statistical analysis revealed that the average parasitic load decreased from 5.7 ± 1.2 to 2.3 ± 1.1 after probiotic treatment (p < 0.001). Stool testing showed good reliability, with 85% sensitivity and specificity. Overall, the results suggest that probiotics may be an effective, natural option to help control Giardia lamblia infection and improve symptoms, offering hope for a safer, supportive treatment approach.

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 February 2025
  • Revise Date: 03 March 2025
  • Accept Date: 04 April 2025

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