Document Type : Reviews
Authors
1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
2
Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.
3
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
4
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Assiut, Egypt.
5
Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 5th District, Bucharest, Romania.
6
The Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State 6690, South Africa.
Abstract
Due to their ecological significance, taxonomic complexity, and ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, the Sordariomycetes—a diverse and expansive class of filamentous Ascomycota—are of great interest. This class exhibits significant taxonomic diversity, encompassing a diversity of ecological roles, such as plant pathogenicity, endophytic association, saprophytic decomposition, and symbiotic interactions, all of which play key roles in nutrient cycling and ecosystem dynamics. Taxonomically, perithecial ascomata and unitunicate asci constitute the primary diagnostic traits of the sordariomycetes, with recent molecular phylogenetic studies refining their classification and revealing evolutionary relationships among genera and families. Many members of this class are prolific producers of secondary metabolites with applications in industry, agriculture, and medicine. Extensive research has been conducted on genera such as Fusarium, Hypoxylon, Chaetomium, and Xylaria for their ability to synthesize bioactive compounds, including antibiotics, antifungals, anticancer agents, and immunosuppressants. Therefore, this review underscores the importance of further investigation into understudied taxa to discover novel bioactive compounds for future applications while also highlighting the taxonomic framework, ecological roles, and biotechnological potential of selected Sordariomycetes taxa
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