Molecular detection of fungi isolated from guano of Iraqi kuhl’s bat (Pipistrellus Kuhlii)

Aljader, Zena W.; Hamzah, Rafea Q.; Mohammed, Rabeea H.

doi:10.21608/mb.2025.352387.1227

Molecular detection of fungi isolated from guano of Iraqi kuhl’s bat (Pipistrellus Kuhlii)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.

10.21608/mb.2025.352387.1227

Abstract

Bat guano offers a unique window into the hidden microbial world that supports both environmental balance and ecosystem stability. In this study, we set out to explore the fungal communities living within the guano of the bat Pipistrellus kuhlii in Mosul, Iraq as overlooked habitat. From this material, we were able to isolate fifty-three fungal strains. By using phenotypic identification criteria, these isolates were grouped into five recognizable genera: seven Candida isolates, nine Trichoderma, ten Fusarium, twelve Aspergillus, and fifteen Penicillium. Together, they shed the light on a rich and active fungal environment. To confirm phenotypic identification, DNA was extracted from all isolates and amplified using ITS1–ITS4 primers. The resulting bands ranged from 500–700 bp in Candida, while the filamentous fungi generated six distinct bands at around 600 and 400 bp. Sequencing revealed close relationships with well-known fungal strains: Isolate 1 shared 98% similarity with Aspergillus niger (No. 329626.1kC), Isolate 2 showed 97% similarity to Aspergillus tubingensis (No. 13129301.NR), Isolate 3 matched Penicillium chrysogenum perfectly (No. 524448.1MT), and Isolates 4 and 5 showed complete alignment with Candida albicans (No. 193530.1MT and AJ010333.1). To ensure these findings can support future research, the local isolates were deposited in GeneBank under accession numbers PX488269, PX488286, PX488291, PX488297, and PX488300 respectively. By revealing the diversity of fungi thriving in bat guano, this work highlights their quiet but significant roles in nutrient recycling and the health of both bat populations and surrounding ecosystems.

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